Abstract: In order to solve application requirements for the rapid identification of inrush current in trans-formers no-load closing in CT saturation, minor inter-turn faults and other disturbing factors, a rapid identification algorithm is proposed that leveragres the complex characteristics of the current waveform. By studying the complex characteristics of the excitation inrush waveform under the disturbance factors such as no-load closing, CT saturation and inter-turn fault, an improved variational modal decomposition algorithm is introduced to achieve fast and accurate decomposition of the intrinsic modal function. Meanwhile, the numerical characterization of the complex characteristics of the inrush current waveform is studied, the numerical characterization strategy of the complex characteristics of the waveform is proposed, and the sample entropy sum value is selected as a criterion for the rapid identification of the inrush current. The inrush simulation model under multi-scenario disturbances is established to verify the rapidity and reliability of the proposed algorithm for application under engineering scenarios such as no-load closing, closing on CT saturation, closing on turn-to-turn faults, internal and external faults during operation. Notably, the results show that the algorithm is able to achieve fast mode decomposition under the first circumferential current acquisition, and has 40 dB noise immunity, which is easy for engineering applications of fast and reliable identification of inrush current signals under complex disturbances.