Abstract: In order to realize the electronic differential(ED) system of electric vehicle(EV), through the study of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and traditional mechanical differential, a torque-balance adaptive control method based on PMSM is proposed. For the existing electronic differential method in the complex road conditions can not be effective control, the solution is given with reference to the traditional mechanical differential. The relationship between the speed of each wheel and the change of steering angle is calculated, the speed and power distribution of each wheel are calculated. The control method of each wheel coordination work is given, and the control strategy of electronic difference is determined , and simulated under the Simulink platform. The simulation results show that the electronic differential system can realize the stable steering and straight running of the EV.