Stability-enhancing Single-vector Control of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Backstepping Control

To address the limitations of traditional single-vector control for interior permanent-magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs), notably computational complexity and poor stability, a stability-enhancing single-vector control strategy is proposed. A mathematical model of the IPMSM is first established using the dq0 coordinate system. Based on the maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) strategy, the relationship between the d-axis and q-axis currents is determined, followed by the design of a backstepping controller for the IPMSM. It is demonstrated that a stable fundamental voltage vector exists within each sector. A method for selecting the optimal fundamental voltage vector is introduced, simplifying the process by comparing the derivatives of the Lyapunov function corresponding to candidate voltage vectors. The proposed control strategy is validated through both simulations and experiments. Results indicate that the method exhibits strong robustness. Compared with traditional model predictive current control (MPCC), the proposed strategy achieves improved stability, reduced output fluctuations in both speed and current, and effective tracking of the motor’s state variables.