Evaluation of Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Effect of Hoematococcus pluvialis in Zebrafish

With the change of modern lifestyle, high glucose and high fat diet structure has become one of the main factors leading to diseases such as diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia and metabolic syndrome. To address this problem, it is of great significance to find safe and effective natural products lowering glucose and lipids. As a natural resource rich in astaxanthin, Hoematococcus pluvialis(HP) is considered to have the potential to regulate blood glucose and lipids. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of HP on lowering blood sugar, triglycerides, and cholesterol using the zebrafish model, and to provide an experimental basis for its application in the treatment of metabolic diseases. In this study, wild-type AB strain zebrafish and melanin allele mutant Albino strain zebrafish were used to establish a zebrafish model through high-glucose and high-fat diets, and HP was treated with concentrations of 222, 667 and 2000 μg/mL, respectively, to evaluate the hypoglycemic, triglyceride-lowering, and cholesterol-lowering effects of the HP through the measurement of glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol, as well as the biological characteristics such as the optical density of triglyceride and the fluorescence intensity of cholesterol in the caudal vein of the zebrafish. The glucose level of zebrafish was significantly reduced by HP at a concentration of 667 μg/mL. At a concentration of 2000 μg/mL, in addition to the significant reduction of glucose, it also produced significant down-regulation of triglyceride and cholesterol levels. The fact that HP exhibited significant glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol-lowering effects provides preliminary experimental evidence for the use of HP as potential nutraceuticals and medicines, with potential applications especially in maintaining healthy levels of blood glucose and blood lipids. Further studies are expected to reveal its specific hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic mechanisms and feasibility in clinical applications.