Abstract: In the cultivation of undergraduate innovation capability in higher education, we focus on the application of large-scale instrument equipment in talent development and propose pathways to enhance undergraduate innovation talent cultivation. Leveraging AI-enabled digitization, we construct large-scale instrument laboratory experiments and advanced analytical courses aimed at fostering students’ theoretical and practical skills. With the large-scale instrument platform as a cornerstone, we facilitate undergraduate involvement in various types of innovation projects to enhance their innovation capabilities. By establishing appropriate management and funding support systems, we address specific challenges associated with large-scale instruments in undergraduate innovation cultivation. This initiative aims to explore, implement, and enhance the pivotal role of large-scale instruments in the cultivation of undergraduate innovation