从双边市场到多边市场——平台扩边对其价格策略的影响

From Two-sided Market to Multi-sided Market—The Influence of Platform Expansion on its Pricing Strategies

  • 摘要: 与传统企业不同,平台企业主要是通过增加市场的边数吸引更多不同种类的用户来实现扩张。这种扩张策略会受到平台企业的市场势力以及用户的归属状况的影响。因此,本文研究了完全垄断和寡头垄断两种市场结构下,平台扩边对其价格策略的影响。我们发现,当平台扩展市场边数时,交叉网络效应带来的用户规模增加,会让垄断性平台保持对原有用户的定价;而对于寡头平台,不论用户是单归属还是多归属,选择扩边的平台的定价尽管高于没有扩边的平台,但因为扩边带来的交叉网络效应,却能够吸引更大规模的用户群体。上述结论的政策含义是:平台企业通过增加市场边数的扩展策略不应给予严格的限制。

     

    Abstract: In contrast to traditional firms, platform firms expand primarily by extending market boarders to attract different types of users. This expansion strategy is affected by the platform’s market power and the affiliation status of their users. This paper studies the influence of platform’s expansion on its pricing strategy in the case of monopoly platform and oligopoly platform. We found that when the platform extends market boarders, the increment in the user scale by the cross-network effect will make the monopolistic platform tend to maintain the price of its original users.  Oligopoly platforms, whether the user is single-homed or multi-homed, can attract a larger scale of user group brought by the cross-network effect, although the price of platforms with extended market boarder is higher than that of platforms without extended market boarder.

     

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