Abstract: Drawing upon the historical and cultural context of Gandhara, this paper systematically collects and analyzes relevant artworks andarchaeological sites, including Buddhist stupa models, sculptures, and reliefs from extant collections. By categorizing Gandhara stupas into four distinct types based on the Harmika form, chronology, function, and decorative motifs, it elucidates their evolutionary patterns. Furthermore, it reveals the typical structural composition and morphological development of Gandhara stupas, while tracing their architectural influence on Buddhist pagodas in Tibet, the Hexi Corridor, Shanxi, and Yunnan, China. These findings offer novel perspectives for advancing the architectural study of Gandhara culture.