清西苑堆云积翠桥的历史与景观分析

A History and Landscape Analysis of Duiyun Jicui Bridge in the Imperial Winter Palace (Xiyuan)

  • 摘要: 通过文献考证和实地调研,对堆云积翠桥的历史和景观进行分析研究。梳理出堆云积翠桥的历史发展脉络:以乾隆八年( 1743)的改建为分界线,前期是直桥阶段,后期是折桥阶段。进而对堆云积翠桥的景致进行分析:堆云积翠桥既是太液池上的观赏对象——观桥可成景,也是琼华岛前的观景之所——立桥可观景,还是北海太液池区域景致格局的重要组织者——过桥可换景,同时探析了堆云积翠桥的仙桥寓意。最后总结出堆云积翠桥与其周围环境共同形成的“面状水+岛+桥”的桥景模式。堆云积翠桥关联着北海太液池区域的景致全局,可谓是牵一“桥”而动全“景”。以桥为切入点,探析古人在园林营造中的“整体观”智慧,为当代人居环境建设和文化自信建设提供重要参考。

     

    Abstract: Based on literature review and site investigation, this paper presents a comprehensive study of the historical background and landscape features of the Duiyun Jicui Bridge. Firstly, it examines the historical development of the bridge, with particular emphasis on the reconstruction carried out in the eighth year of the Qianlong reign (1743), which serves as a crucial dividing line. During its early stage, the bridge existed as a straight structure, while in its later stage it transformed into a folded bridge. Furthermore, it conducts an in-depth analysis of the scenic characteristics of the Duiyun Jicui Bridge. The Bridge holds dual significance as an ornamental object on the Taiye Lake, where it enhances the visual appeal and becomes an integral part of the overall landscape. Moreover, it serves as a viewing location in front of Qionghua Island, providing an elevated vantage point for observing the surrounding scenery. Additionally, the Duiyun Jicui Bridge plays a significant role as an essential organizer of the scenic pattern within the Taiye Lake area of Beihai. Crossing the bridge allows visitors to experience a dynamic interplay of changing landscapes. It also invesitagtes the symbolic meaning of the bridge as a representation of a fairy bridge in detail. Finally, the paper summarizes the bridge landscape pattern. By utilizing the bridge as a starting point, this research explores the holistic perspective of Eastern civilization wisdom evident in ancient garden design. It provides essential references for the construction of contemporary living environments and fosters cultural confidence.

     

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