《金阊名园图》与《紫芝园记》图文关系比较及园林营造考

The Relationship between the Images and Texts of Jinchang Famous Garden and Zizhiyuan Ji and a Historical Survey of the Making of Gardens

  • 摘要: 现存署名为吴门画派画家文徵明的《金阊名园图》以长卷的形式描绘了明代苏州阊门之外的一座园林胜景。本文针对此画和画中园林搜集整理了相关的史料并进行绘画和园林营造的研究,以谋求真实呈现此画的创作及画中园林的营造情况。通过研究认为此画描绘了明代苏州著名刻书家徐封的紫芝园,同时此画在明代称《山园图》,《金阊名园图》为后世收藏者根据画中文徵明题记命名。画作和王穉登《紫芝园记》描述的园林景观具有一定的关联性。结合园画和园记绘制该园的平面复原想象图,认为该园在选址、园林布局及营造上具有较高水平,对研究明代园林和吴门画派中的园林绘画具有双重的史料价值。

     

    Abstract: The Jinchang Famous Garden, an exquisite long scroll attributed to Wen Zhengming, vividly captures the enchanting garden scenery outside Changmen in Suzhou during the Ming dynasty. This paper gathers and organizes relevant historical materials pertaining to both the painting and the garden it portrays, conducting thorough textual research to accurately present the creation of both the artwork and the garden. Through textual analysis, it is postulated that the painting depicts the Zizhi Garden of Xu Feng, a renowned calligrapher in Ming dynasty Suzhou. Interestingly, this painting was originally titled Mountain Gardens during the Ming dynasty, with the name Jinchang Famous Gardens being assigned by later collectors, based on inscriptions found within the painting. Intriguingly, there exists a discernible correlation between the depicted garden landscape in the painting and the descriptions found in Zizhi Yuan Ji. By integrating garden painting and garden literature, this study drafts a plane schematic diagram of the garden, concluding that the garden exhibits a high degree of sophistication in terms of site selection, garden layout, and construction. This study holds dual historical significance, offering valuable insights into both Ming dynasty gardens and the garden painting of the Wumen school.

     

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