电气工程学报, 2018, 13(6): 42-48 doi: 10.11985/2018.06.007

工程技术

基于模拟子站的智能电网调度控制系统集成调试方法

夏立萌, 郭飞, 顾颖, 王翀, 樊淑丽

国家电网冀北电力有限公司检修分公司 北京 102488

Integrated Debugging Method for Smart Grid Dispatching and Control System Based on Simulated Substation

Xia Limeng, Guo Fei, Gu Ying, Wang Chong, Fan Shuli

State Grid Jibei Electricity Power Maintenance Company Beijing 102488 China

收稿日期: 2018-01-15   网络出版日期: 2018-06-25

Received: 2018-01-15   Online: 2018-06-25

作者简介 About authors

夏立萌 男 1987年生,工程师,主要从事电网调度自动化、电力二次安全防护方面的工作。

郭 飞 男 1983年生,高级工程师,主要从事电力系统继电保护、电网调度自动化方面的工作。

摘要

新建变电站接入智能电网调度控制系统前需开展调度主站调试工作,确保站内运行信息准确转发给调度主站,保证电网调度控制系统基础数据的可靠性。本文提出一种基于模拟子站的调度主站系统集成调试方法,利用模拟子站模拟变电站各种类型设备的实时数据及运行信息,并与调度主站通信,实现变电站与调度主站信息交互的闭环控制,对调度主站系统数据库配置、模型建立、图形画面关联是否正确进行集成调试。工程实践表明,该方法能够确保调度主站调试的正确性,提高调试工作的效率,实现了对传统调试方法的改进与创新。

关键词： 模拟子站 ; 智能电网 ; 调度控制系统 ; 调试 ; IEC 61850

Abstract

It needs to carry out debugging work of the dispatching master station before the newly built substation allowed to access into the smart grid dispatching and control system to ensure that the substation running information is accurately forwarded to the dispatching master station and the reliability of the dispatching and control system data is guaranteed. In this paper, an integrated debugging method of dispatching master station is presented based on simulated substation, which simulates the real-time data and operation information of various types of power equipment by simulation substation, and communicates with the master station to realize the closed-loop interaction between substation and master station and ensure the correctness of the master station database configuration, model establishment and graphics screen association. The engineering practice shows that this method can ensure the correctness of the debugging of the dispatching master station, improve the efficiency of the debugging work and realize the improvement and innovation of the traditional debugging method.

Keywords： Simulated substation ; smart grid ; dispatching and control system ; debugging ; IEC 61850

PDF (3440KB) 元数据 多维度评价 相关文章 导出 EndNote| Ris| Bibtex  收藏本文

本文引用格式

夏立萌, 郭飞, 顾颖, 王翀, 樊淑丽. 基于模拟子站的智能电网调度控制系统集成调试方法. 电气工程学报[J], 2018, 13(6): 42-48 doi:10.11985/2018.06.007

Xia Limeng. Integrated Debugging Method for Smart Grid Dispatching and Control System Based on Simulated Substation. Journal of Electrical Engineering[J], 2018, 13(6): 42-48 doi:10.11985/2018.06.007

1 引言

智能电网调度控制系统在电网调度和变电站监控中实施一体化设置,结合电网调度、监控中心和运行操作站等多个部分,共同对电网实施管理[1]。在智能电网调度控制一体化管理模式下,电网的调度、变电站的监控都由调控中心负责,变电站运行方式逐渐转化为“无人值守、远方集中监控”模式。此外,智能电网调度控制系统还具备顺序控制、事故追忆、数据辨识及智能告警等高级应用功能,有效减轻了调控值班员的工作量,提升了电网运行的智能化水平,保证电网安全稳定运行[2,3]。

调度主站实时数据库将智能电网调度控制系统中各接入厂站的网络模型、设备参数、实时数据采集、计算结果等大量信息以结构化的方式存放于内存中,满足各应用对大量实时数据进行高速访问的需求,是智能电网调度控制系统高级应用的基础[4]。因此,调度主站数据库配置、模型建立、图形画面关联是否正确关乎调度自动化系统的安全稳定运行,因此探究调度主站数据库快速精准的调试方法具有重要的实用价值。

目前新建变电站接入智能电网调度控制系统前,调度主站实时数据库调试工作需要在变电站站端监控系统调试完毕、待调度数据网通道具备后方可开展。变电站验收人员依照调控中心下发的调控信息序位表就地操作设备,调度主站接收并显示远动装置转发而来的动作信号,主站工作人员与变电站验收人员电话联系,根据信号状态位的“0”或“1”变化判断变位信号点,并通过告警信息和光字牌的闪烁来确认该信号点的描述与变电站触发的信号是否正确对应,以此确认调度主站数据库配置、模型建立、图形画面关联是否正确[5-6]。以500kV智能变电站为例,其调控信息近万条,且需要完成多个调度主站（通常涉及网调、省调、地调等）调试,调度主站数据库调试任务重、效率低、工期长,应用功能的调试,需要配合的环节较多,调试过程中故障排查难度较高,部分高级应用功能依据传统方法无法完成必要的调试,导致这些高级应用功能在实际工程中并未得到应用与推广。

为了确保新建变电站接入智能电网调度控制系统前调度主站数据库的正确性,提高调试工作的效率,实现对传统调试方法的改进与创新,本文提出一种基于模拟子站的智能电网调度控制系统集成调试方法。该方法利用模拟子站模拟变电站各种类型设备的实时数据及信息,与调度主站通信,实现变电站与调度主站信息交互的闭环控制,对调度主站系统数据库配置、模型建立、图形画面关联是否正确进行调试,并在工程实践中对该方法进行了应用与验证。

2 模拟子站

2.1 模拟子站系统结构

模拟子站的设计以应用功能测试和集成调试为中心,基于实时数据库虚拟装置仿真软件,通过对变电站二次设备等效仿真,模拟变电站各类型设备的实时数据及运行信息,对上层设备（包括站端监控后台、调度主站）应用功能进行测试和集成调试,并正确响应上层设备下发的指令。模拟子站系统结构如图1所示,采用分层分布式设计原则,共包括五层,由下至上依次为硬件系统、操作系统、中间件层、统一管理平台和应用层。

图1

新窗口打开| 下载原图ZIP| 生成PPT

图1   模拟子站系统结构图

Fig.1   Structure of simulated substation


各层主要功能如下：

（1）硬件系统。构成模拟子站的物理设备,具有计算、控制、存储、输入及输出功能的实体部件。

（2）操作系统。管理模拟子站系统的硬件、软件及数据资源,控制程序运行,提供人机界面,为其他功能软件的开发提供必要的服务和相应的接口等。

（3）中间件层。中间件层为多层次分布式异构系统提供了新的体系结构,使得模拟子站仿真测试系统具备应用组件技术带来的优势,如可异构系统、可互操作等。

（4）统一管理平台。统一管理平台包括数据库管理平台和网络通信管理平台,可方便地对数据库进行容量操作,利用事件的发布和订阅机制,实现进程间的相互通信。

（5）应用层。包括数据库组态工具、仿真控制平台和IEC 61850制造报文规范（Manufacturing Message Specification,MMS）服务端。

数据库组态工具可直接导入变电站配置描述文件（Substation Configuration Description,SCD）,在实时数据库中建立站端设备运行情况采集点信息和定制测试服务。

仿真控制平台由人机画面、任务控制中心、命令处理中心和流程管理中心构成。人机界面显示变电站运行信息、装置运行状态、测试任务进程、操作记录和仿真报文;任务控制中心接受手动测试任务或自动测试任务,形成控制命令队列发送给命令处理中心;命令处理中心接收到控制命令后启停对应的虚拟装置;流程管理中心监视报文、操作记录、仿真测试记录并自动存储。

IEC 61850制造报文规范服务端用于模拟变电站内各种设备,以映射到制造报文规范的方式与监控后台、远动装置之间进行数据与信息的实时交换,实现了网络环境下不同制造厂家设备之间的互操作[7,8]。

2.2 模拟子站系统结构特点

（1）采用面向服务的体系架构（Service Oriented Architecture,SOA）。如图2所示,应用软件功能模块化设计,根据用户的需求灵活配置到系统的不同节点,构建面向应用、安全可靠、资源共享、易于扩展的支持系统。

图2

新窗口打开| 下载原图ZIP| 生成PPT

图2   模拟子站体系架构图

Fig.2   Architecture diagram of simulated substation


（2）采用中间件技术。中间件屏蔽了底层操作系统的复杂性,无需为程序在不同系统软件上的移植而重复工作,具备较高的可移植性。

（3）采用IEC 61850标准化通信协议。IEC 61850标准化通信协议将制造报文规范引入到智能变电站自动化领域,明确定义了制造报文规范如何在应用层交换实时数据和监控信息,为信息共享与互操作提供了技术体系的支持。

3 基于模拟子站的集成调试方法

3.1 集成调试系统

基于模拟子站的调度主站集成调试系统包括模拟子站、远动装置、调度数据网络、调度主站、监控后台、信息比对系统及各设备之间的连接网络,调试系统架构如图3所示。

图3

新窗口打开| 下载原图ZIP| 生成PPT

图3   调度主站集成调试系统架构图

Fig.3   Architecture diagram of dispatching master station integrated debugging system


3.2 集成调试策略

模拟子站模拟变电站各类型设备的实时数据及运行信息,通过IEC 61850通信协议将实时数据及运行信息上送远动装置和站端监控后台;调度主站通过调度数据网络与远动装置建立通信,通过IEC 104协议获取远动装置所转发的模拟子站实时数据及运行信息,下发调控指令,进行集成调试;信息比对系统分别与调度主站和站端监控后台建立连接,对二者的报文实时比对分析,自动监测站端运行信息与调度主站信息的对应关系,实现信息校对的闭环管理,确保调试结果的精确性与可靠性。

3.3 集成调试内容

利用模拟子站对调度主站数据库集成调试内容如下：

（1）遥信功能验证。利用模拟子站模拟变电站内各种类型设备的状态输出,检查调度主站告警画面、光字牌、显示画面与模拟动作是否一致。

（2）遥测功能验证。利用模拟子站为电压回路、电流回路施加遥测值,检查调度主站各遥测量与模拟子站施加量是否一致;设置某遥测量的越限值,在模拟子站改变该遥测值,检查调度主站记录是否准确。

（3）遥控功能验证。模拟子站自动回复调度主站遥控选择与预置指令,上送反校信息,响应调度主站的遥控执行,遥控成功后上送遥控对象位置状态。

（4）保护相关功能验证。利用模拟子站模拟保护动作情况,验证调度主站接收相关遥信、保护测量、保护动作等信息是否正确;检查模拟子站保护动作时,调度主站自动推送告警画面。

（5）查询与记录功能验证。利用模拟子站模拟各种事件,验证模拟子站输出的内容与调度主站数据库中告警内容是否一致。调度主站可查询内容包括遥信变位、遥测越限、SOE、设备和节点工况等;调度主站可在历史事件与告警处理中选择时间范围、事件和告警类型等,查询与验证数据库是否完整显示查询信息。

（6）时间响应及对时监测。利用模拟子站模拟站端设备遥测数据变化、遥信变位、响应主站下发遥控指令,检查调度主站模拟量及状态量响应时间、遥控执行时间是否满足要求;检查时钟同步监测系统对时状态是否同步。

（7）数据辨识。调度主站能够对量测值和状态量的准确性进行分析,辨识不良数据。利用模拟子站上送某一量测值,并设置在该量测值的合理范围之外,检查调度主站能否正确识别;设置该量测值发生异常跳变,检查调度主站能否正确识别。

（8）智能告警与故障分析功能。在模拟子站模拟变电站设备运行故障,通过模拟子站主动上送或调度主站数据总召的方式,调度主站能够记录事故状态下的告警信息并生成故障分析报告,包括事故发生时的稳态、动态及暂态数据,并对数据进行整合分析与存储,检查告警分析结果与模拟的故障类型是否一致。

4 工程应用

为验证本文所提出的基于模拟子站的调度主站集成调试方法的可行性,在某500kV智能变电站接入智能电网调度控制系统的调试传动过程中,工程人员进行了试点应用。

4.1 集成调试

利用模拟子站对南瑞科技D5000调度主站进行集成调试,如图4所示。

图4

新窗口打开| 下载原图ZIP| 生成PPT

图4   D5000调度主站集成调试系统

Fig.4   Integrated debugging system of D5000 dispatching master station


在模拟子站界面完成参数配置后,将SCD导入模拟子站系统,在实时数据库中建立变电站二次采集点信息,导入调控信息点表,可以进行自动或手动模拟遥信变位、模拟站端遥测加量、响应调度主站遥控操作,对调度主站定制调试服务,如图5所示。

图5

新窗口打开| 下载原图ZIP| 生成PPT

图5   程序化验收

Fig.5   Procedural acceptance


调试前根据业务需求,与现场协议好验收间隔顺序及间隔内的信号顺序,形成验收序列;以点号作为唯一标识,以验收顺序作为验收依据,逐一核对上送信息的正确性;主站监听上送报文及D5000解析报文,查找遥信点号、遥信名称、告警等级和保护光字牌差异点,自动生成验收结果及修改建议,自动化维护人员根据差异修改,确保D5000数据库、远动点表与设备一致。

4.2 点表比对

将标准点表导入验收系统并解析,生成标准格式,以点号作为唯一标识,将D5000数据库与标准点表进行自动比对,导出对比记录及修改建议,确保中文名称、告警等级等正确无误,如图6所示。

图6

新窗口打开| 下载原图ZIP| 生成PPT

图6   点表比对

Fig.6   Comparison of regulatory sequence table


4.3 图模校验

通过拓扑验证图模关系对应问题,利用图中设备与信号的关系确定图模与信号关联的准确性。如图7所示,关联关系不对应的图形文件keyid可在模拟子站界面汇总显示,方便自动化维护人员进行查找与修改。

图7

新窗口打开| 下载原图ZIP| 生成PPT

图7   图模校验

Fig.7   Verification of model establishment


4.4 实时监控

模拟子站和调度主站具备报文的解析、显示和监控功能,实时监控系统的运行状态、辅助问题定位;同时对多个通道的通道状态进行监控,如图8所示。

图8

新窗口打开| 下载原图ZIP| 生成PPT

图8   实时监测

Fig.8   Real-time monitoring


4.5 效果比对

对传统调试方法和模拟子站集成调试方法进行效果比对,见下表。

表   传统调试方法和模拟子站集成调试方法效果比对

Tab  Comparison of traditional debugging method and integrated debugging method based on simulated substation

序号传统调试方法模拟子站集成调试方法
1远程电话对点,双方人员需同时在线,等待时间长,验收速度慢无需电话,模拟子站自动发送信号、主站自动响应,速率提升5~10倍
2问题定位与排查困难,需要现场调试人员与主站人员电话沟通协调查找并修改,效率低实时监测报文与通道,站端监控系统与调度主站闭环管理,问题定位与排查快速高效
3点表更改流程复杂,验收经常被迫中断具备点表对比功能,可自动导出比对结果,方便点表修改
4验收过程靠人员手写记录,任务繁重且易遗忘验收过程标准化、无漏重,实现过程控制,图模可视化联动验收
5网调、省调、地调均需对变电站接入进行验收,重复操作、任务繁重提供多链路多通道验收功能,可同时对网调、省调、地调调度主站进行调试验收
6验收报告滞后,不同人员参与验收,验收过程冗长,整理验收报告难度很大自动记录所有验收过程,自动生成验收报告,报告的模版可根据需求实现定制化

新窗口打开| 下载CSV


5 结束语

本文提出基于模拟子站的智能电网调度控制系统集成调试方法,实现对调度主站系统数据库配置、模型建立、图形画面关联等快速精准调试,其特点如下：

（1）模拟子站以应用功能测试和集成调试为中心,通过对变电站设备进行等效仿真,模拟变电站各类型设备的实时数据及运行信息并上送调度主站,实现对调度主站的集成调试。

（2）模拟子站通过远动装置与调度主站实时通信,该调试方法实现了监控信息验收调试的闭环管理,自动监测站端信息与调度主站信息的对应关系,确保调试结果的准确性,保证电力调度自动化系统基础数据的可靠性。

（3）可实现通信报文的实时监听、故障定位,自动监测站端输出与调度主站响应的正确对应,自动比对点表,记录校验进程,保存修改记录,生成调试报告。

基于模拟子站的调度主站集成调试方法在某500kV智能变电站接入智能电网调度控制系统调试验收工作中进行了试点应用。工程实践表明,该方法可确保调度主站调试的准确性与快捷性,加快新建变电站接入调度控制系统的工作进度,实现对传统调试验收模式的改进与创新。由于遥控操作是由调度主站发起的闭环过程,建议仍旧进行实际传动,以保证调度主站遥控操作的安全性与规范性。

参考文献

辛耀中, 石俊杰, 周京阳 , 等.

智能电网调度控制系统现状与技术展望

[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2015,39(1):2-8.

DOI:10.7500/AEPS20141008022      URL     [本文引用: 1]

Firstly, the development history of power grid dispatching automation systems in China is reviewed. The architecture of smart grid dispatching and control systems is described. Then the main technical breakthroughs of smart grid dispatching and control systems are summarized, including improvement of the observability and controllability of ultra large power grids, the coordinated ability of control centers, the early warning ability of on-line dynamic security of ultra large power grids, the economic operation efficiency of ultra large power grids, the ability for power grids to accommodate new energy generation, and the ability of the control centers of power grids to withstand major natural calamities and group cyber-attacks. Finally, further research areas of smart grid dispatching and control systems are outlined.

Xin Yaozhong, Shi Junjie, Zhou Jingyang , et al.

Technology development trends of smart grid dispatching and control systems

[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015,39(1):2-8.

DOI:10.7500/AEPS20141008022      URL     [本文引用: 1]

Firstly, the development history of power grid dispatching automation systems in China is reviewed. The architecture of smart grid dispatching and control systems is described. Then the main technical breakthroughs of smart grid dispatching and control systems are summarized, including improvement of the observability and controllability of ultra large power grids, the coordinated ability of control centers, the early warning ability of on-line dynamic security of ultra large power grids, the economic operation efficiency of ultra large power grids, the ability for power grids to accommodate new energy generation, and the ability of the control centers of power grids to withstand major natural calamities and group cyber-attacks. Finally, further research areas of smart grid dispatching and control systems are outlined.

姚建国, 杨胜春, 单茂华 .

面向未来互联电网的调度技术支持系统架构思考

[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2013,37(21):52-59.

DOI:10.7500/AEPS20130714014      URL     [本文引用: 1]

This paper analyzes the future business need for the operation supporting system in light of the operation and control demands of Chinas future interconnected large-scale power grid.The concept and architecture of the concentrated-distributed dispatch and control system（CDDCS）for the future smart grid with the characteristics of physical computer distribution and logical decision integration is proposed，which features the centralized and unified characteristics of the fundamental unified power grid model，centralized analysis and control decision-making，as well as the dispersive and distributive characteristics of local data acquisition and control.Meanwhile the physical distributed computer hardware architecture based on the peer to peer（P2P）mode is elaborated and a comparative analysis between the CDDCS and the current system is addressed.Finally，the key technical issues to be solved are discussed in detail.

Yao Jianguo, Yang Shengchun, Shan Maohua .

Reflection on operation supporting system architecture for future interconnected power grid

[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2013,37(21):52-59.

DOI:10.7500/AEPS20130714014      URL     [本文引用: 1]

This paper analyzes the future business need for the operation supporting system in light of the operation and control demands of Chinas future interconnected large-scale power grid.The concept and architecture of the concentrated-distributed dispatch and control system（CDDCS）for the future smart grid with the characteristics of physical computer distribution and logical decision integration is proposed，which features the centralized and unified characteristics of the fundamental unified power grid model，centralized analysis and control decision-making，as well as the dispersive and distributive characteristics of local data acquisition and control.Meanwhile the physical distributed computer hardware architecture based on the peer to peer（P2P）mode is elaborated and a comparative analysis between the CDDCS and the current system is addressed.Finally，the key technical issues to be solved are discussed in detail.

汪际峰, 沈国荣 .

大电网调度智能化的若干关键技术问题

[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2012,36(1):10-16.

URL     [本文引用: 1]

In order to build up intelligent power dispatching of bulk power grid， integration of secondary system in power control center and substations needs standardized and modular secondary system construction which results in information interaction more flexible. Implementation of secondary system integration is with multi-specialty technology merging. Some key technologies including grid fundamental data enhancement， application support platform， and advanced power analysis software（PAS） for intelligent power dispatching of bulk power grid are studied. In respect of building grid fundamental data， SCADA supporting system with united time stamped measurements is designed. In respect of support platform， general solution scheme of integrated application support platform is proposed. In respect of new PAS， fast status estimation based on time stamped measurements， on-line self-adaptive defense lines， real-time pre-warning and pre-control system are put forward.

Wang Jifeng, Shen Guorong .

Some key technical issues on intelligent power dispatching of bulk power grid

[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2012,36(1):10-16.

URL     [本文引用: 1]

In order to build up intelligent power dispatching of bulk power grid， integration of secondary system in power control center and substations needs standardized and modular secondary system construction which results in information interaction more flexible. Implementation of secondary system integration is with multi-specialty technology merging. Some key technologies including grid fundamental data enhancement， application support platform， and advanced power analysis software（PAS） for intelligent power dispatching of bulk power grid are studied. In respect of building grid fundamental data， SCADA supporting system with united time stamped measurements is designed. In respect of support platform， general solution scheme of integrated application support platform is proposed. In respect of new PAS， fast status estimation based on time stamped measurements， on-line self-adaptive defense lines， real-time pre-warning and pre-control system are put forward.

杨清波, 李立新, 李宇佳 , 等.

智能电网调度控制系统试验验证技术

[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2015,39(1):194-199.

DOI:10.7500/AEPS20141009021      URL     [本文引用: 1]

As an important part of smart grid, smart grid dispatching and control system’s reliable, stable and efficient operation has important significance in ensuring power grid security and the national economy and social life. Test and verification as the main way to improve system software quality is drawing ever-increasing attention and recognition. By analyzing the main characteristics of smart gird dispatching and control systems and referring to software testing technology, object-oriented technology, system and simulation technology, and test and verification techniques, a test and verification architecture for smart grid dispatching and control system is proposed, and a smart grid dispatching and control system comprehensive test verification platform is set up. In addition, with reference to the test verification platform, the technology and methods of source code verification, functional verification, performance verification, compatibility verification, stability verification, safety verification are dealt with, mainly stressing the source code verification technology, closed loop verification technology of grid control software and avalanche verification technology and application.

Yang Qingbo, Li Lixin, Li Yujia , et al.

Test and verification technology for smart grid dispatching and control systems

[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015,39(1):194-199.

DOI:10.7500/AEPS20141009021      URL     [本文引用: 1]

As an important part of smart grid, smart grid dispatching and control system’s reliable, stable and efficient operation has important significance in ensuring power grid security and the national economy and social life. Test and verification as the main way to improve system software quality is drawing ever-increasing attention and recognition. By analyzing the main characteristics of smart gird dispatching and control systems and referring to software testing technology, object-oriented technology, system and simulation technology, and test and verification techniques, a test and verification architecture for smart grid dispatching and control system is proposed, and a smart grid dispatching and control system comprehensive test verification platform is set up. In addition, with reference to the test verification platform, the technology and methods of source code verification, functional verification, performance verification, compatibility verification, stability verification, safety verification are dealt with, mainly stressing the source code verification technology, closed loop verification technology of grid control software and avalanche verification technology and application.

陆承宇, 阮黎翔, 杜奇伟 , 等.

智能变电站远动信息快速校核方法

[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2015,43(11):128-133.

Lu Chengyu, Ruan Lixiang, Du Qiwei , et al.

A new method for quickly verifying the remote information of smart substation

[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2015,43(11):128-133.

纪陵, 李忠明, 蒋衍君 , 等.

智能变电站二次系统仿真测试和集成调试新模式的探索和研究

[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2014,42(22):119-123.

DOI:10.7667/j.issn.1674-3415.2014.22.019      URL    

Ji Ling, Li Zhongming, Jiang Yanjun , et al.

Exploration and research of smart substation secondary system simulation testing and integration testing new mode

[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2014,42(22):119-123.

DOI:10.7667/j.issn.1674-3415.2014.22.019      URL    

李瑞生, 李燕斌, 周逢权 .

智能变电站功能架构及设计原则

[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2010,38(17):24-27.

[本文引用: 1]

Li Ruisheng, Li Yanbin, Zhou Fengquan .

The functional frame and design principles of smart substation

[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2010,38(17):24-27.

[本文引用: 1]

笃竣, 祁忠 .

基于IEC 61850的变电站新型远动网关机

[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2011,31(2):113-115.

[本文引用: 1]

Du Jun, Qi Zhong .

Telecontrol gateway of substation based on IEC 61850

[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2011,31(2):113-115.

[本文引用: 1]

/

〈 〉