考虑无功均衡的跟/构网混合型风电场无功电压优化控制策略

Reactive Voltage Optimization Control Strategy for Hybrid GFL/GFM Wind Farms Considering Reactive Power Balance

  • 摘要: 为合理分配混合型风电场中跟/构网型风电机组的无功资源,应对场内风机空间分布及控制方式差异等因素诱发的无功不均衡问题,提出一种考虑无功均衡的跟/构网混合型风电场无功电压优化控制策略。首先,构建混合型风电场内跟/构网机组的无功-电压控制模型,其中跟网型风电机组采用定无功控制模型,构网型风电机组采用下垂控制并进行线性化处理。然后,在日前阶段,针对风电出力的不确定性与波动性,构建基于场景生成-削减的风电出力模型进行随机优化,获得兼顾运行经济性与安全性的日前优化方案;在日内阶段,将日前优化得到的离散设备动作计划作为输入,提出基于风电出力波动分级的日内混合型风电场无功电压优化控制策略。该策略依据风电出力波动等级动态调整优化目标函数与控制时间间隔,当风速波动较小时,以电压偏差和网损最小为目标进行常规优化;当风速波动剧烈时,切换为考虑跟/构网无功均衡的优化控制模式,划分无功平衡分区进一步计算考虑无功均衡的跟网型风电机组无功参考值,充分利用其无功调节能力以平衡构网型机组的无功出力,实现风电场内部无功协调分配与电压稳定控制。最后,通过34台双馈风电机组组成的跟/构网混合型风电场算例分析,验证所提方法的有效性。

     

    Abstract: To rationally allocate reactive power resources between grid-following(GFL) and grid-forming(GFM) wind turbines in hybrid wind farms and mitigate reactive power imbalance caused by factors such as spatial distribution and control differences, a reactive power and voltage optimization control strategy considering reactive power balancing is proposed. First, control models are established for both types of units: fixed reactive power control for GFL turbines and linearized droop control for GFM turbines. In the day-ahead stage, a stochastic wind power model based on scenario generation and reduction is developed to handle uncertainty, yielding an optimal plan that balances economy and security. In the intraday stage, using day-ahead schedules as input, a fluctuation-level-based strategy is proposed. Under mild wind variations, optimization minimizes voltage deviation and network losses. During severe fluctuations, the strategy switches to a reactive power balancing mode, where balance zones are partitioned to adjust GFL reactive power references, thereby coordinating reactive power distribution and enhancing voltage stability. Case studies on a 34-turbine hybrid wind farm validate the method's effectiveness.

     

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