基于CUSUM-SACC的飞机电气系统直流电弧故障检测方法

DC Arc Fault Detection Method of Aircraft Electrical System Based on CUSUM-SACC

  • 摘要: 多电、全电飞机直流电气系统中绝缘老化、连接松动等可能导致直流电弧产生。相较于交流电弧,直流电弧没有过零点,较难自行熄灭。电弧持续燃烧散发大量热量,可能导致火灾等事故,危害机载设备和机上人员安全。为提出适用于飞机电气系统的直流电弧检测方法,搭建包含阻性、容性负载的28 V、270 V飞机直流串联、并联电弧实验平台,进行飞机电气系统直流电弧实验。分析飞机直流电弧时域、频域特性,提出累积和突变点检测结果(Cumulative sum,CUSUM)和自相关系数累加和(Sum of autocorrelation coefficient,SACC)两种检测特征量。CUSUM可以检测出直流电弧产生瞬间的电流突变,正常情况下SACC结果接近0,电弧存在时SACC会出现较大值,可有效识别电弧。结合两种特征量,提出基于CUSUM-SACC的飞机直流电弧检测方法,并通过实验数据验证检测算法,28 V电压下检测准确率为99.09%,270 V电压下检测准确率为95.73%,漏报率均为0%。

     

    Abstract: In DC electrical systems of more-electric and all-electric aircraft, insulation aging and loose connections can lead to the generation of DC arcs. Compared with AC arcs, DC arcs have no zero-crossing points and are more difficult to extinguish. Sustained arc burning releases significant heat, potentially causing fires and other accidents that endanger safety of onboard equipment and passengers. To propose a DC arc detection method suitable for aircraft electrical systems, an experimental platform is established for DC arc tests in aircraft systems, including resistive and capacitive loads with 28 V and 270 V DC series and parallel arcs. The time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of DC arcs in aircraft electrical systems are analyzed. Two detection features are proposed: cumulative sum(CUSUM) for change-point detection and sum of autocorrelation coefficients(SACC). CUSUM can detect the instantaneous current fluctuation caused by the generation of the DC arc. Under normal circumstances, the result of SACC is close to 0. When an arc exists, the value of SACC will be relatively large, which can effectively identify the arc. By combining these two features, a CUSUM-SACC-based DC arc detection method is developed. The proposed detection algorithm is tested by experimental data, achieving a detection accuracy of 99.09% at 28 V and 95.73% at 270 V, with a missed detection rate of 0% in both cases.

     

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