低电压应力高降压比混合式DC-DC变换器

Hybrid High Step-down DC-DC Converter with Low Voltage Stress

  • 摘要: 针对传统单级转换高降压比变换器电压应力高,降压比受限的问题,提出一种低电压应力高降压比混合式DC-DC变换器。该变换器通过在预降压电容网络后引入变压器,实现降压比的提升和输入输出的电气隔离。相比于传统正激及半桥结构等变换器,由于采用了预降压电容网络,该结构实现高降压转换应用时不完全依靠变压器匝比进行降压,因此有利于降低变压器的匝比从而避免漏感大和绕组电压高的问题。该变换器输入采用分裂电容的结构有效地降低了各有源开关的启动和稳态电压应力。此外,简化的控制时序还有助于实现多个有源开关的零电压开通。最后,搭建一台400~800 V输入、12 V输出、功率为120 W的实验样机,800 V输入下峰值效率达到92.9%,实验结果验证理论分析的正确性与所提方案的有效性。

     

    Abstract: To address the issues of high voltage stress and limited step-down ratio in traditional single-stage high step-down converters, a hybrid high step-down DC-DC converter with low voltage stress is proposed. By introducing a transformer after a pre-step-down capacitor network, enhanced step-down conversion and electrical isolation are achieved. Compared with traditional converters such as forward and half-bridge topologies, the pre-step-down capacitor network reduces reliance on turns ratio of transformer in high step-down applications. This helps to avoid associated issues such as high leakage inductance and excessive winding voltage. The proposed converter adopts a split-capacitor structure at the input, effectively reducing the start-up and steady-state voltage stress on each active switch. Moreover, the simplified control timing helps to achieve zero-voltage switching(ZVS) for multiple active switches. Finally, a prototype with 400-800 V input, 12 V/120 W output is built, and peak efficiency is 92.9% under 800 V input. Experimental results validate the theoretical analysis and confirm the feasibility of the proposed high step-down isolation conversion scheme.

     

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