氟化环氧薄膜的制备及其表面电气性能提升研究

Preparation of Fluorinated Epoxy Films and Surface Electrical Property Enhancement Study

  • 摘要: 为了在环氧树脂中引入含氟官能团以提高环氧薄膜表面的电性能,提出一种氟化环氧薄膜制备方法。首先选用2,2-双(4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷、苄基三甲基氯化铵与环氧氯丙烷进行混合反应,制备得到含三氟甲基的双酚A二缩水甘油醚(F-DGEBA)单体,然后将该含氟单体与双酚A二缩水甘油醚(DGEBA)按照不同比例混合(含氟单体占比分别为0%、20%、40%、60%、80%和100%),最后利用甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐(MTHPA)对混合物进行高温固化得到了氟化环氧薄膜。通过核磁共振波谱仪对所制备的氟化薄膜的化学结构进行确认,并利用接触角测定仪获得其去离子水接触角。此外研制了金属粉尘放电实验平台和表面电位衰减测试平台,以研究氟化薄膜的表面绝缘性能和介电性能。结果表明,随着F-DGEBA单体占比增加,氟化薄膜的接触角明显增大,表面疏水性能显著提高;氟化薄膜的深浅陷阱分布也随之改变,使得其表面绝缘强度和电位衰减性能得到增强。与非氟化薄膜相比,氟化薄膜的表面闪络电压最高可提升32.2%且其电位衰减速度更快;在反复沿面放电以后氟化薄膜的闪络电压变化更小,绝缘强度更稳定。因此,采用所提方法可以快速简单地制备疏水性能、绝缘性能、电荷耗散特性好的环氧树脂绝缘材料,具有良好的工业应用前景。

     

    Abstract: In order to introduce fluorine-containing functional groups into the epoxy resin to improve the electrical properties of the epoxy film surface, a film preparation method is proposed. Firstly, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-hexafluoropropane, benzyltrimethylammonium chloride and epichlorohydrin are selected to prepare a trifluoromethyl-containing bisphenol A diglycidyl ether(F-DGEBA) monomer by mixing and reaction, and then the fluorinated monomer and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether(DGEBA) are mixed according to different ratios, the fluorinated monomers are 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%, and finally fluorinated epoxy films are obtained by high temperature curing of the mixture using methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride(MTHPA). The chemical structure of the prepared fluorinated films is confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and their deionized water contact angles are obtained using a contact angle tester. A metal dust discharge test rig and a surface potential decay test rig are also developed to investigate the surface insulation and dielectric properties of the fluorinated films. The results show that the contact angle of the fluorinated films increases significantly with the increase of the proportion of F-DGEBA monomer, and the surface hydrophobicity is significantly improved; the distribution of deep and shallow traps of the fluorinated films is also changed, which leads to the enhancement of the surface insulating strength and potential attenuation properties. Compared with the non-fluorinated film, the surface flashover voltage of the fluorinated film can be increased by up to 32.2% and its potential attenuation is faster; the flashover voltage of the fluorinated film changes less after repeated creepage discharges, and the insulation strength is more stable. Therefore, this proposed method can be used to quickly and easily prepare epoxy resin insulating materials with good hydrophobic, insulating and charge dissipation properties, and has good prospects for industrial applications.

     

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