Abstract: Gravity energy storage technology is a novel energy storage technology to achieve decoupling of source and load demand and economic and efficient peak shaving under the goal of “dual carbon”. However, due to the limitation of technology development and construction scale, the characteristics of gravity energy storage participating in power grid operation are still unclear. In order to further clarify the operation characteristics of gravity energy storage and quantify the support performance of gravity energy storage for optimal operation of power system at different time scales, the operation mechanism, typical parameters and economic costs of various types of gravity energy storage are analyzed firstly. Then, based on the physical operation process of gravity energy storage, the quantitative conversion relationship between gravity potential energy and charging and discharging power is studied. At the same time, in order to reduce the influence of discrete energy conversion in gravity energy storage on the solution time of the optimization model, a discrete variable continuous operation model of tower-type gravity energy storage and a frame-type gravity energy storage operation model suitable for rapid solution of dispatching operation are established. Finally, based on the data of a certain area in southern China, the time-series operation simulation of wind-solar-thermal-energy storage system at annual, monthly and daily time scales is carried out. The results show that the system with gravity energy storage can reduce the amount of wind and light abandonment by up to 79.5% in the annual time series simulation, which is 1.5% higher than that of the same scale electrochemical energy storage system. The research results can provide reference for gravity energy storage to participate in dispatching operation.