基于表面处理的开关柜梅花触头腐蚀抑制技术研究

Research on Corrosion Suppression Technology of Plum Blossom Contact in High Voltage Switchgear Based on Different Surface Treatment Technologies

  • 摘要: 高湿环境引起的梅花触头表面腐蚀问题是导致高压开关柜严重故障的主要原因之一。为此,通过分析不同表面处理后梅花触头铜触片试样的腐蚀特性,结合极化曲线等测试方法,研究了梅花触头抗腐蚀性能评估新方法。试验所用腐蚀介质为5%NaOH与NaHCO3的混合溶液,扫描速度5 mV/s,扫描区间为±5 mV。结果表明,经过镀银后镀金处理的铜触片腐蚀电位较大,腐蚀电流较小,该现象可能与复合镀层材料的低氧化性有关;不同镀银层厚度与铜触片的抗腐蚀性能变化呈非单调趋势,在厚度为16 μm时的综合抗腐蚀性能较好,固含量为10%的纳米涂层是表面疏水涂层处理的最佳处理条件,推测该现象均可能与镀层表面的均匀性与稳定性有关。单一表面处理后铜触片的抗腐蚀性能较差,采用低氧化性金属加强镀膜和复合表面处理技术能提高梅花触头不同表面区域的抗腐蚀性能。归一化评估函数F可作为梅花触头抗腐蚀性能的评估参量,制定的梅花触头保护与修复方案可为现场开关柜的运维提供理论支撑。

     

    Abstract: The surface corrosion problem of plum blossom contact caused by high humidity environment is one of the main reasons for serious faults in high-voltage switchgear. Therefore, the corrosion characteristics of plum blossom contacts with different surface treatments, and combines polarization curve and other testing methods to study a new method for evaluating the corrosion resistance performance of copper contacts are analyzed. The corrosive medium used in the experiment is a mixed solution of 5% NaOH and NaHCO3, with a scanning speed of 5 mV/s and a scanning interval of ±5 mV. The results show that the copper contacts treated with silver plating and gold plating have a higher corrosion potential and lower corrosion current, which may be related to the low oxidation of the composite coating material. The corrosion resistance of copper contacts shows a non-monotonic trend with different thicknesses of silver plating, where the comprehensive corrosion resistance performance is better at a thickness of 16 μm, and a nano coating with a solid content of 10% is the optimal treatment condition for surface hydrophobic coating treatment. It is speculated that this phenomenon may be related to the uniformity and stability of the coating surface. The calculation results of the normalized evaluation function indicate that the corrosion resistance of copper contacts after single surface treatment is poor. The use of low oxidation metal strengthening coating and composite surface treatment technology can improve the corrosion resistance of different surface areas of plum blossom contacts. The normalized evaluation function F can be used as an evaluation parameter for the corrosion resistance performance of plum blossom contacts. The formulated plum blossom contact protection and repair plan can provide theoretical support for the operation and maintenance of on-site switchgear.

     

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