基于采样噪声随机数的三电平逆变器低EMI电压调制技术

Low EMI Voltage Modulation Technique for Three-level Inverter Using Random Numbers from the Samping Noises

  • 摘要: 在大功率电机驱动系统中,逆变器功率器件高速开关伴随着较高的电压变化率,由此产生高频电磁干扰(Electromagnetic interference,EMI),并通过辐射和寄生参数等耦合路径对电机控制系统产生影响。多电平逆变器能一定程度上降低电压变化率,改善电磁兼容性,但对于传统空间矢量脉宽调制(Space vector pulse width modulation,SVPWM),集中在载波频率附近的谐波峰值仍然较大。提出一种三电平逆变器双随机SVPWM策略,将随机载波频率和随机冗余小矢量相结合,并通过采样噪声获取真随机数作为随机因子,增强随机效果。在不影响矢量控制运行性能的情况下,将集中在载波频率及其整数倍处的高次谐波分散到整个频域内,有效降低了高频谐波的幅值,使得输出电压的频谱更加均匀连续,从而降低了系统EMI。最后通过试验验证了所提方法的有效性。

     

    Abstract: In an electric drive with a high-power rating, the fast switching action of the involved inverter could lead to high dv/dt, which in turn generates high-frequency electromagnetic interference(EMI). These disturbances further affect the control unit via coupling paths such as radiation and the parasitic parameters of the power stage. Even though the multilevel inverter can mitigate dv/dt in some sense and improve the electromagnetic compatibility as a result, the harmonics concentrated around the carrier frequency are still considerable under the traditional space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM). To address this issue, a novel dual-random SVPWM approach is proposed for a three-level inverter, and it utilizes a randomized carrier frequency as well as randomized small space voltage vectors. Uniquely, in this work, the randomness is enhanced by using true random numbers that are generated from the sampling noise. This method does not compromise the performance of the vector control, and it also effectively disperses the higher-order harmonics to the broader frequency spectrum, rather than around the carrier frequency and its nearby. As a result, the intensity of high-frequency harmonics can be significantly reduced, leading to a more evenly distributed voltage spectrum and consequently a decrease in EMI. The viability and effectiveness of this proposed method are supported through the experimental results.

     

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