考虑光储直柔系统直流母线电压波动的空调电机控制技术

Control Technique of Air Conditioning Motor Considering DC Bus Voltage Fluctuation of the PEDF System

  • 摘要: 光储直柔系统具有绿色低碳、削峰填谷和能源利用效率高等优点,将成为建筑配电的重要发展方向。该系统通过直流母线对直流空调供电,省掉了整流滤波电路和功率因数校正电路,降低了空调成本。然而,当光伏出力变化、负荷投切等引起系统内功率不平衡时,直流母线电压出现较大波动,对直流空调电机稳定运行提出了挑战。分析光储直柔系统与直流空调驱动系统的拓扑结构,研究基于最大功率跟踪和双闭环控制的光储直柔系统控制策略,采用一种滑模观测器、最大转矩电流比和超前角弱磁相结合的电机控制策略应对直流供电电压波动问题,通过引入直流母线电压作为控制变量,对电机的控制参数进行快速调节,实现了电机转速的稳定,特别是当电机高速重载运行时,超前角弱磁能够快速调节电机交轴和直轴电流,防止了定子电流超过极限值,实现了直流母线电压波动下空调全速域的稳定运行。采用Matlab/Simulink软件搭建了包含直流空调电机的光储直柔系统,依据实际空调的运行工况进行了仿真和试验,对所提控制策略的有效性进行了验证。

     

    Abstract: PEDF system has the advantages of green and low carbon, peak shaving and valley filling, and high energy efficiency, which will become an important development direction of building power distribution. PEDF system supplies power to the DC air conditioner through the DC bus voltage, the rectifier filter circuit and power factor correction circuit are saved, the cost of air conditioner is reduced. However, when changes in photovoltaic output, load switching, and other factors cause power imbalance within the system, significant fluctuations in the DC bus voltage pose a challenge to the stable operation of DC air conditioning motors.the topology of the PEDF system and the DC air conditioning drive system are analyzed, and the control strategy of PEDF system based on maximum power tracking and double closed-loop control is studied. A motor control strategy combining SMO, MTPA and leading angle flux weakening is adopted to deal with the DC power supply voltage fluctuation. By introducing DC bus voltage as a control variable, the control parameters of the motor are quickly adjusted, achieving stable motor speed. Especially when the motor is running at high speed and heavy load, the leading angle flux weakening can quickly adjust the motor’s quadrature-and direct-axis currents, preventing the stator current from exceeding the limit value and achieving stable operation of the air conditioner in the full speed range under DC bus voltage fluctuations. The PEDF system including DC air-conditioning motor is built in Matlab/Simulink software. The simulation is carried out according to the actual air-conditioning operating conditions, and the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified.

     

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