基于动态权重修正系数的风电机组模型预测偏航控制

Dynamic Weight Correction Coefficients Based Model Predictive Yaw Control for Wind Turbines

  • 摘要: 传统偏航控制系统通常采用阈值判断实现偏航系统的启停判定。然而,风向变化速度往往比偏航速度更快,导致偏航系统偏航动作频繁,加剧偏航系统磨损和损伤风险。基于模型预测控制的偏航系统可有效解决上述问题,然而如何调整其目标权重系数有待研究。提出一种动态权重修正模型预测偏航控制(Dynamic weight correction coefficients based model predictive yaw control,DMPYC)策略,将风况变化量引入偏航计算过程,使得权重系数得以根据实际风况动态变化。具体地,通过构建MTF-CNN-AT模型,利用马尔可夫转换场(Markov transition field,MTF)提取时序数据的时空依赖性,使用注意力机制(Attention mechanism,AM)优化卷积神经网络(Convolutional neural networks,CNN)的权重参数,实现动态权重修正系数的计算。基于8组典型风况,对比了所提DMPYC与传统偏航控制策略的性能差异。结果表明,在典型山地风场中低风速高湍流风况下,DMPYC性能优异,其偏航里程较传统偏航控制策略低75.8%,同时发电量损失小于1.0%。

     

    Abstract: The main problem of the traditional wind turbine yaw control system based on the continuous monitoring of wind misalignment using judgment event-trigger control to startup the yaw system lies in the fact that the wind direction changes much faster than the nacelle’s yawing speed, and its excessive yaw actions cause high wear and tear damage risk to the yaw system. By constructing the MTF-CNN-AT model, transforming the time series data into two-dimensional data, extracting the hidden characteristics of the time series data, using the attention mechanism to optimize the weight parameters of the CNN network, the computation of the dynamic weight correction coefficients is realized, and the wind condition is introduced into the yaw process, so that the weight coefficients of the output of the DMPYC can be dynamically changed according to the actual wind condition. Finally, the differences between the DMPYC and the traditional yaw control strategy under 8 groups of typical wind conditions are analyzed and studied. In the simulation comparison data, the yaw distance of the DMPYC is lower than that of the traditional yaw control strategy by 75.8% under low wind speed and high turbulence in a typical mountainous wind field, and the loss of power generation is less than 1.0%. The results show that the performance of the DMPYC is better than that of the traditional yaw strategy under the wind conditions in mountainous wind farms.

     

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