Abstract: In the aviation field, electrical fires caused by cable arcs pose a significant safety hazard. With the development of more electric and all-electric aircraft, higher safety requirements are imposed on aviation electrical systems in terms of design and installation. A comprehensive review is presented of the causes, mechanisms, detection, prevention, and suppression of electrical fires caused by cable arcs in aviation. Incident data from the European Aviation Safety Agency(EASA) related to aircraft fires caused by cable arcs are collected and analyzed to identify the reasons behind such incidents. The current state of research on the arc ignition mechanism in cables is also discussed. Subsequently, considering the practical situations in both domestic and foreign aircraft, the warning and extinguishing techniques for electrical fires caused by cable arcs in aviation are discussed. Based on the issues of cable insulation failure and improper wiring leading to electrical fires, preventive measures are proposed, emphasizing the importance of developing highly reliable arc detection techniques, fire warning systems, and firefighting capabilities applicable to all electrical equipment on aircraft. However, challenges remain in understanding the mechanisms of arc ignition causing electrical fires in aviation cables.