基于深度卷积神经网络和合作博弈的多微网实时能量管理策略
Real-time Energy Management Strategy for Micro-grid Clusters Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Network and Cooperative Game
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摘要: 多微网(Multi-microgrid,MMG)系统可为负载中心提供可靠、独立电能,然而,MMG系统面临实时管理、经济运行和控制等问题。基于此,提出一种新型能源管理系统(Energy management system,EMS),将多个不同利益主体的MMG变成一个统一高效的系统。为了保证每个MMG都可以实现自己的运行目标,所提EMS是基于合作博弈来实现MMG系统的高效协调运行,并确保联盟成员之间的能源成本公平分配。另外,充分考虑联盟成员数呈指数增长时的能源成本分配问题,采用列生成算法解决上述问题。此外,采用深度卷积神经网络(Deep convolutional neural network,CNN)估计MMG的日运行成本,并提出了一种优化MMG日总运行成本的调度策略。最后,为了验证所提模型的有效性和优越性,将所提算法与近似动态规划(Approximate dynamic programming,ADP)、模型预测控制(Model prediction control,MPC)和贪婪算法等现有的优化调度策略进行了比较。仿真结果表明,各MMG可通过合作博弈的方式实现节能降耗,所提优化策略降低的系统日运行成本明显低于其他方法。Abstract: Multi-microgrid(MMG) system can provide reliable and independent power for load center. However, MMG system is faced with problems such as real-time management, economical operation and control. Based on this, a new energy management system(EMS) is proposed, which transforms MMG of multiple different stakeholders into a unified and efficient system. In order to ensure that each MMG can achieve its own operation objectives, the EMS proposed in this paper is based on cooperative game to achieve efficient and coordinated operation of MMG system and ensure fair distribution of energy costs among alliance members. In addition, the energy cost distribution problem when the number of alliance members increases exponentially is fully considered, which uses column generation algorithm to solve the above problems. In addition, deep convolutional neural network(CNN) is used to estimate the daily operating cost of MMG, and a scheduling strategy is proposed to optimize the daily total operating cost of MMG. Finally, in order to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed model, it is compared with the existing optimal scheduling strategies, such as approximate dynamic programming(ADP), model prediction control(MPC) and greedy algorithm. The simulation results show that each MMG can save energy and reduce consumption through cooperative game, and the daily operating cost of the proposed optimization strategy is significantly lower than that of other methods.